I. Introduction Industrial minerals such as quartz sand, porcelain clay and feldspar are often associated with iron oxides that weaken the transmission in the fiber, affecting the transparency of your glasses, discoloring ceramics and lowering the melting point of refractories. Iron content can be reduced to a level using physical or physicochemical, chemical methods, the most appropriate severe damage method, based on the mineral form and the distribution of iron concentrate in the ore. Batch flotation is an effective separation method commonly used to separate hematite from quartz sand ore. Batch batch flotation machines have been widely used to investigate the impact of various operating parameters on flotation performance. Most of the flotation studies so far, especially regarding reagent selection, have been implemented so intensively. This is mainly because batch flotation experiments are a way to evaluate mineral flotation responses in a variety of operating conditions in a fast and inexpensive manner. In addition, evaluating the effects of changing flotation variables is easy to implement for batch data fitting dynamics ratio equations. The design and operating angles are important for this flotation dynamics model, providing the basis for simulating industrial flotation loops and obtaining different rate equations. However, which function differs in the work is more suitable for representing actual data, especially for a wide range of flotation conditions. Many parameters are used to model and simulate the flotation loop for batch flotation testing. The aim of the study was to explore the use of a batch of small sand experiments in a hematite process in the reverse flotation separation of silica and a laboratory mechanical flotation device for research and development commonly used in industry. Kowli-Kosh Silica (located in Fars Province, southwestern Iran) was selected as a feasibility study for possible use in the glass industry. The effects of different operating parameters, such as the type and concentration of the collector, the type of acid, the pH, the adjustment time, the concentration of the sand, the particle size and the temperature, were studied as the efficiency of the reverse flotation separation. Data analysis will be used to determine the change in the efficiency of hematite reverse flotation separation for different experimental parameters and can be used to determine the kinetics of the separation. Second, the experiment A large amount of quartz sand (silica sand) was taken from the Kowli-Kosh quartz sand mine and then reduced in hematite by a reverse flotation process. The composition of the original sample was 97.38% SiO 2 and 0.213% Fe 2 O 3 , and traces of Al 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO, Na 2 O, K 2 O, TiO 2 . Figure 1 is a block diagram of the removal of hematite from a quartz sand mine. The sample is first finely pulverized and cleaned using a milling machine, and then the particle size is graded and used in the flotation cell. As shown in Figure 1, four different particle sizes were separated from 150 to 840 um and were selected for reverse flotation experiments. The schematics and diagrams of this Denver flotation cell used in this study are shown in Figures 2(a) and (b), respectively, in each test, a given number of a certain range of particle size distributions of quartz sand and The amount of tap water required is mixed in the flotation cell and given the number of revolutions of the agitation. Set the pH and add the required amount of collector to facilitate the separation. The foaming agent (65) was added while the system was allowed to mix and mix for 6 min as the conditioning time (optimal pulping time was 5-6 min) after which air entered the bubble through the rotor at the bottom of the tank. The air flow is regulated by a needle valve that is used to control the speed of the suspended agitator of the particle system. The flotation will last for 8 minutes, during which time the foam is manually removed from the level of the flotation cell. Make up the water added to the tank to compensate for the system's displacement and maintain the solids ratio. The purified quartz sand was collected at the bottom of the tank and analyzed for hematite content by washing, drying, weighing and atomic absorption spectrometry (A-10, Varian Australia). Block diagram for hematite removal proccss Special care is taken to select the appropriate ore hematite collector that does not interfere with the hydrophobicity of the quartz particles. In the current work, a mixture ratio of AERO-801 and AERO-825 was found to be a suitable condition for flotation of hematite gangue at pH = 2.5. The performance of the enhanced flotation in front should have an appropriate particle size, proper bubble distribution, which will bring hematite particles to the interface at the upper part of the tank. In the current study frother-65 was used to promote separation. Experimental data indicates that the optimum concentration of this blowing agent is 15 ppm. Third, the results and discussion (1) Removal efficiency In this study, flotation was used to assess the removal efficiency of hematite, expressed as η, as defined below: Figure 3 shows the effect of pulping time on hematite removal efficiency. The pulping time of 5-6 minutes as shown results in the highest removal efficiency of hematite. Prolonged time may cause the collector to separate from the surface of the hematite or the adsorption of some of the collector due to the presence of Ca 2+ and Fe 2+ quartz particles in the water, which may cause hematite Reduced removal efficiency. The water content of the floating mixture is an important factor in the removal efficiency. Figure 4 shows the effect of concentration of solids in the slurry on hematite removal efficiency. It can be seen that the removal efficiency of hematite decreases linearly with the increase in the weight percentage of the solid slurry. This may be due to the fact that the bubbles that are stripped from the particle surface simultaneously increase the slurry concentration and reduce the number of bubbles for a given air flow rate. It is worth noting that although the decrease in η with the slurry concentration is small, this is the result observed in repeated experiments. 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Ci and Cf are the concentrations of the starting and final hematite in the quartz sand ore, respectively.
Reverse flotation to remove hematite from quartz sand ore