Ball valves are a development of plug valves, sharing the same 90-degree rotational operation. However, instead of a conical plug, the closure element is a spherical body with a circular bore or passage running through its center. The design ensures that when the sphere is rotated 90 degrees, it completely blocks the flow by aligning the bore with the pipe’s axis. This allows for a tight shut-off with minimal effort, as the ball only needs to turn a quarter of a full rotation. The streamlined internal cavity provides a straight-through flow path, resulting in low pressure drop and reduced resistance to fluid movement.
Ball valves are widely recognized for their simple, compact structure, ease of operation, and low maintenance requirements. They are commonly used with a variety of media, including water, solvents, acids, and natural gases. In addition, they can handle more aggressive or hazardous substances such as oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, methane, and ethylene. The versatility of ball valves makes them suitable for both general and harsh operating conditions.
The valve body can be manufactured as a single unit or assembled from multiple parts, depending on the application and size. While traditionally used for on/off control, modern designs have expanded their functionality to include throttling and flow regulation. This evolution has made ball valves even more valuable across a wide range of industrial applications.
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