Green transformation into a mining wind vane

December 9, 2017, organized by the Institute of metallurgical industry planning, Xiwuzhumuqin flag Tianhong Mines Ltd. sponsored "2017 (sixth) Chinese steel raw materials market Summit Forum" held in Beijing, the major The media gave high attention. The following is the relevant report of the Journal of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

“Let the sky be bluer, the water clearer, and the mountains greener, so that people can see the stars and hear the birds.” This is a future outlined by Yang Weimin, deputy director of the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group Office during the 19th National Congress. blueprint. Under the background of "building a beautiful China", how to find a win-win balance in the ecological protection and development of the mining industry is a realistic and serious problem facing the entire industry, and also considers the land and resources management department. Wisdom and courage.

Not long ago, the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Environmental Protection, the State Administration of Quality Supervision, Banking Regulatory Commission, Securities Regulatory Commission jointly issued the "Opinions on Accelerating the construction of green mine" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinion"), with all the requirements of the new mine Green mine construction requirements, mine production needs to speed up the transformation and upgrading, and gradually meet the standard.

It can be said that the simple and extensive old road has become a history for China's mining industry. Recently, at the 2017 (sixth) high-end forum on China's steel raw materials market sponsored by the Metallurgical Industry Planning and Research Institute, Meng Xuguang, director of the Land Resources Planning Institute of the China Institute of Land and Resources Economics, gave a detailed interpretation of the Opinions. The way out for China's mining industry is becoming clearer and clearer, and green transformation will become the vane.

Establish three major objectives

In fact, as early as 2007, the Ministry of Land and Resources made the first clearing of the development idea of ​​“adhering to scientific development and promoting green mining” at the China International Mining Conference. This is also a major innovation in China's mining development concept.

Through nearly ten years of exploration and practice, the positive effects of China's green mining development have gradually emerged. The "Opinions" issued this time clearly put forward the three major objectives of green mine construction, and increased policy support, and strive to form a new mining development model in line with the requirements of ecological civilization construction by 2020.

Meng Xuguang said that the first goal is to turn the image: basically form a new pattern of green mine construction. It is necessary to establish a model of thousands of science and technology-led, innovative and driven green mines, implement demonstrations of 100 green exploration projects, and build more than 50 green mining development demonstration zones to form a number of new models, new mechanisms and new systems that can be replicated and promoted.

The second goal is to change the way: explore new ways to transform the mining development mode. It is necessary to speed up the upgrading of green environmental protection technology and equipment, increase the comprehensive management of the mine environment, and vigorously promote the conservation and intensive use of land in the mining area and the protection of cultivated land.

The last goal is to promote reform: to establish a new mechanism for green mining development work. We must adhere to the mutual promotion of green transformation and management reform, and build a long-term mechanism for green development; study and establish a national, provincial, municipal, and county level joint creation, enterprise construction, third-party evaluation, and social supervision of the green mine construction work system; Exploration and green mine construction standards system; improve supporting incentive policy system.

"Opinions" to define the coal, petroleum, nonferrous metals, gold, metallurgy, chemicals, non-metallic mines and other seven sectors of green building requirements and green building requirements mining development demonstration area for the sub-sectors, green mine construction sub-regional, and local statute Specific standards provide guidance.

"In the context of the widespread implementation of the 'de-capacity' transformation and upgrading of domestic mineral enterprises and the country's implementation of 'green mines', enterprises must transform and upgrade to survive." Peng Qiming, president of the China Mining Association, said in an interview that no matter how developed The country and the developing countries all face the same choice, that is, mining companies cannot survive without green development.

The reporter learned that at present, the Ministry of Land and Resources is summing up the green mine pilot. The future green mine construction will not be limited to the pilot area, but a green mine standard system will be established nationwide. Enterprises that fail to meet the standards in the future will be ordered to suspend production and rectification, and they will continue to produce after reaching the standard. "National industry standards for green mine construction" will also be introduced soon, which means that China's mine construction will enter a new stage, and there is a unified threshold for entry.

Strengthen the comprehensive utilization of resources

Meng Xuguang said that the "Opinions" clarified the incentive policies from four aspects: land use, mining, finance and finance.

The Opinions proposes to encourage banking financial institutions to develop green mine-specific credit products that meet regional realities on the premise of strengthening environmental, health, safety and social risk assessment and management of investment projects in the mining sector. Under the principle of continuous improvement, increase financial support for green mining enterprises in environmental restoration and management, prevention and control of heavy metal pollution, and resource recycling.

In the view of Li Xinchuang, president of the Metallurgical Industry Planning and Research Institute, green development is to strengthen resource conservation and intensive recycling. The construction of green mines must focus on rational use of resources, energy conservation and emission reduction, protection of the ecological environment and community harmony. Scientific mining, efficient use of resources, standardization of enterprise management, environmental protection of production processes, ecological environment of mining environment, pursuing the development model of circular economy, focusing on the mutual unification of resource efficiency, ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit, will be green mining The concept and practice run through the whole process of mineral resources development and utilization.

Li Xinchuang said that the development of green mines must first improve the comprehensive utilization of resources, including the comprehensive utilization of common (concomitant) resources; the comprehensive utilization of mine solid waste, tailings resources and wastewater; improve the recovery rate of resource extraction, the recovery rate of mineral processing and Comprehensive utilization.

Lei Pingxi, chief engineer of the China Metallurgical and Mining Enterprise Association, has repeatedly raised the issue of comprehensive utilization of resources. He stressed that it is necessary to innovate the mode of resource development and utilization, adhere to the priority of conservation and priority of protection, and expand the field of comprehensive utilization of mine solid waste and tailings resources in accordance with the requirements of “reduction, reuse and resource utilization”.

"Improve the recycling efficiency of mine wastewater, actively promote the remediation and functional recovery of the mining area, realize the remediation and utilization of the occupied pressure, excavation and subsidence land, improve the recovery rate of resource exploitation, the recovery rate of mineral processing and comprehensive utilization rate, reduce the consumption of reserves, waste of resources, mines Waste discharge and solid waste storage take up land," Lei Pingxi suggested.

In addition, Li Xinchuang also proposed to promote land reclamation and restoration of geological environment, implement major projects, solve outstanding problems in mine geological environment, strengthen research on land reclamation research and advanced technology, and pay attention to land reclamation monitoring and post-evaluation; It also emphasizes the need to develop a circular economy in the mining sector, promote the development of circular economy in the mining sector, strengthen the management of process energy consumption, and improve the energy conservation and emission reduction levels of mining enterprises.

Clarify the boundary between the government and the market

In Meng Xuguang's view, green mine construction is a systematic project involving multiple stakeholders. Under the new situation and new requirements, the construction of green mines should further clarify the government, market and social boundaries, and focus on building government guidance and corporate entities. , the standard leading, policy support, innovation mechanism, strengthening supervision, implementing responsibility, and inspiring the new mechanism of green mine construction.

For the government, it is necessary to sink and implement responsibility. The six central departments are mainly deployment guidance and provide policy basis. Relevant departments of provincial land resources and other relevant departments should effectively assume their duties, formulate work plans in accordance with the "Opinions", refine operational control policies and measures, and encourage and guide the construction of green mines. The municipal and county departments are responsible for the specific organization and implementation and strengthen supervision and management.

In addition, it is necessary to establish a supervision mechanism for social supervision, government spot checks, trustworthy rewards, and disciplinary punishment. It is necessary to promptly disclose the list of green mines and accept the supervision of the public. For those who fail to fulfill the task of green mine construction in the mining rights transfer contract, the relevant breach of contract liability shall be investigated.

For enterprises to take the initiative, Meng Xuguang said that all mining enterprises should adapt to local conditions, boldly explore, vigorously promote technological system, industrial model, operation mode innovation, and embark on a technically feasible, economically sound, quality and effective mining development Passing the road, striving to be the benchmark and model for green mine construction.

Not only that, enterprises must also establish a green development concept, enhance endogenous motivation, and be a self-discipline and practitioner of green development. "For the green mine standards, we will establish a 'red list', incorporate into the corporate credit system, and enjoy the corresponding incentive policies." Meng Xuguang said.

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