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Aluminum Alloy 7075 sheet
Aluminum Alloy 7075 is a high-strength material commonly used in aerospace and other demanding applications. It is primarily composed of zinc as the main alloying element, with additional amounts of magnesium, copper, and small quantities of silicon, iron, manganese, titanium, and chromium. The typical composition includes 5.6–6.1% zinc, 2.1–2.5% magnesium, and 1.2–1.6% copper, with other elements present in smaller percentages.
This alloy is available in various tempers, such as 7075-0 (annealed), 7075-T6, and 7075-T651, each offering different mechanical properties based on the heat treatment process. Among these, T6 and T651 are the most commonly used for structural components due to their superior strength and durability.
7075 aluminum alloy is known for its excellent mechanical properties, including high tensile strength, good ductility, and strong fatigue resistance. However, it is more prone to embrittlement due to microsegregation compared to other aluminum alloys. Despite this, it offers better corrosion resistance than 2000 series alloys and is widely used in aircraft parts, such as fuselages, wings, and control surfaces.
The T6 temper is achieved through a process that involves solution heat treatment, quenching, and artificial aging at 120°C for 24 hours. This results in a peak strength of approximately 510–540 MPa (74,000–78,000 psi) in ultimate tensile strength and 430–480 MPa (63,000–69,000 psi) in yield strength, with an elongation at break of 5–11%.
For the T651 temper, the alloy undergoes similar steps but includes stress relief by stretching the material, which helps reduce residual stresses. T651 7075 has a slightly higher tensile strength of 570 MPa (83,000 psi) and a yield strength of 500 MPa (73,000 psi), with an elongation of 3–9%, depending on the thickness and form.
Here is a summary of the mechanical properties for 7075 sheets in different tempers:
| Material | Temper | Thickness (in) | Tensile Strength (ksi) | Yield Strength (ksi) | Elongation (%) |
|------------------|----------|----------------|------------------------|----------------------|----------------|
| Alloy 7075 Sheet | T6 Bare | 0.125 - 0.25 | 78 | 69 | 8 |
| Alloy 7075 Sheet | T651 Bare| 0.25 - 0.50 | 78 | 67 | 9 |
| Alloy 7075 Sheet | T651 Bare| 0.5 - 1.0 | 78 | 68 | 7 |
| Alloy 7075 Sheet | T6 Clad | 0.188 - 0.25 | 75 | 64 | 8 |
| Alloy 7075 Sheet | T651 Clad| 0.25 - 0.50 | 75 | 65 | 9 |
| Alloy 7075 Sheet | T651 Clad| 0.5 - 1.00 | 78 | 68 | 7 |
In terms of physical properties, 7075 aluminum has a nominal density of 0.101 lbs./in³ (2.80 Mg/m³) at 68°F (20°C). Its melting range is between 990°F and 1175°F (532°C to 635°C), and its specific heat capacity is approximately 0.23 BTU/lb-°F (960 J/kg-°K) at 212°F (100°C).
Overall, 7075 aluminum alloy is a versatile and powerful material, ideal for applications where strength, toughness, and reliability are critical. Its unique combination of properties makes it one of the most popular choices in high-performance engineering and manufacturing.
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Aluminum Alloy 7075 sheet