API 5L X65 line pipe application range

API 5L X65 line pipe application range

Application Range of API 5L X65 Line Pipe

API 5L X65 line pipe is recognized as one of the most economical and reliable solutions for transporting oil and natural gas. A significant number of pipeline failures are caused by corrosion, which can lead to structural weaknesses over time. Plastic deformation can alter the mechanical properties of these pipes, making it crucial to understand how the steel behaves under such conditions to prevent failure.

The designation "API 5L X65 PSL2" refers to a specific level of quality and performance. Here's what it means:

  • X65: Minimum yield strength of 450 MPa (65,300 psi) at the pipe body.
  • Q: Indicates the delivery condition involving quenching and tempering heat treatment.
  • PSL2: Represents a higher-level specification with stricter chemical composition requirements and mandatory fracture toughness values.

Delivery Conditions for API 5L X65 Line Pipe

PSL Delivery Condition Pipe Grade
PSL1 As-rolled, normalized rolled, thermomechanical rolled, thermo-mechanical formed, normalized formed, normalized, normalized and tempered X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70
PSL2 Quenched and tempered BQ, X42Q, X46Q, X56Q, X60Q, X65Q, X70Q, X80Q, X90Q, X100Q
  Thermomechanical rolled or thermomechanical formed BM, X42M, X46M, X56M, X60M, X65M, X70M, X80M

Chemical Composition for API 5L X65 PSL1 Pipe (t ≤ 0.984")

Steel Grade Mass fraction, % based on heat and product analyses a,g
C Mn P S V Nb Ti
max b max b max max max max max
Seamless Pipe
X65 0.28 e 1.40 e 0.3 0.3 f f f
Welded Pipe
X65 0.26 e 1.45 e 0.3 0.3 f f f
f. Unless otherwise agreed, NB + V = Ti ≤ 0.15%,

Chemical Composition for API 5L X65 PSL2 Pipe (t ≤ 0.984")

Steel Grade Mass fraction, % based on heat and product analyses Carbon Equiv a
C Si Mn P S V Nb Ti Other CE IIW CE Pcm
max b max max b max max max max max max max
Seamless and Welded Pipe
X65Q 0.18f 0.45f 1.70f 0.025 0.015 g g g h,l 0.043 0.25
Welded Pipe
X65M 0.12f 0.45f 1.60f 0.025 0.015 g g g h,l 0.043 0.25
h. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 0.50% Cr ≤ 0.50% and MO ≤ 0.50%,
l. For all PSL 2 pipe grades except those grades with footnotes j noted, the following applies. Unless otherwise agreed no intentional addition of B is permitted and residual B ≤ 0.001% .

Mechanical Properties for API 5L X65

Pipe Grade Tensile Properties – Pipe Body of SMLS and Welded Pipes PSL 1 Seam of Welded Pipe
Yield Strength a Tensile Strength a Elongation Tensile Strength b
Rt0,5 PSI Min Rm PSI Min (in 2in Af % min) Rm PSI Min
X65 65,300 77,500 c 77,500
c. The specified minimum elongation, Af, expressed in percent and rounded to the nearest percent, shall be determined using the following equation:
Pipe Grade Tensile Properties – Pipe Body of SMLS and Welded Pipes PSL 2 Seam of Welded Pipe
Yield Strength a Tensile Strength a Ratio a,c Elongation Tensile Strength d
Rt0,5  PSI Min Rm  PSI Min R10,5IRm (in 2in) Rm (psi)
      Af %  
Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Maximum Minimum Minimum
X65Q,X65M 65,300 87,000 77,600 110,200 0.93 f 76,600
f. The specified minimum elongation, Af, expressed in percent and rounded to the nearest percent, shall be determined using the following equation:
Bend test
No cracks shall occur in any portion of the test piece and no opening of the weld shall occur.
Flattening test
Acceptance criteria for flattening test shall be:
EW pipes D<12.750 in:
X60 with T 500in. There shall be no opening of the weld before the distance between the plates is less than 66% of the original outside diameter. For all grades and wall, 50%.
For pipe with a D/t > 10, there shall be no opening of the weld before the distance between the plates is less than 30% of the original outside diameter.
For other sizes refer to the full API 5L specification.
CVN impact test for PSL2
Many PSL2 pipe sizes and grades require CVN. Seamless pipe is to be tested in the body. Welded pipe is to be tested in the body, pipe weld and heat-affected zone. Refer to the full API 5L specification for the chart of sizes and grades and required absorbed energy values.
Surface
All surfaces have been 100% visually inspected. The surface condition complies with API 5L Annex E.
External surface of pipe shall be coated with a layer of varnish.
NDT
All pipes will be ultrasonic tested on pipe body and pipe end as per API 5L Annex E, Table E.2 and para E.3.3.
Coverage:
longitudinal: 100% of the pipe surface
pipe ends not scanned by automatic ultrasonic system shall be inspected by manual UT or Magnetic Particle Examination.
Hydrostatic test
Test pressure may not exceed 2970 psi in accordance to API 5L requirements
Holding time: minimum 5 seconds
Certification and traceability
All dimensions will be supplied with a 3.2 certificate according to EN 10204, endorsed by recognized and independent inspection agency. Marking shall be in SI units (X65) accordance with API requirements & mill standard.

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